All Resources The SAGE Encyclopedia of Out-of-School Learning: Ecological Systems Theory
The SAGE Encyclopedia of Out-of-School Learning: Ecological Systems Theory
In 1979, Bronfenbrenner’s seminal work on ecological systems theory described the child’s ecology in terms of a set of nested levels of the environment. In 2006, Bronfenbrenner revised his original theory, adapting the name to bioecological systems theory, emphasizing the active role of the individual in the developmental process. This entry discusses what constitutes the ecological system in Bronfenbrenner’s original ecological systems theory, the defining properties of bioecological systems theory, the critiques of ecological systems theory, and the implications of ecological systems theory for research and practice.